Wine Allergy: Signs, Symptoms, and Allergens in Wine

While an allergy to alcohol is rare, an allergy or intolerance to ingredients used to make wine, beer, or distilled spirits can. Antihistamines like Allegra (fexofenadine) and Zyrtec (cetirizine) can help alleviate histamine intolerance symptoms. However, the best treatment is the avoidance of histamine in the foods we consume, including alcohol.

Genetic Predisposition

• An alcohol allergy is rare but could potentially be fatal.
• These are allergy symptoms that occur with the change of seasons.
• The immune system usually produces antibodies to fight harmful substances in the body.
• In some cases, an allergic reaction can be severe and lead to anaphylaxis.
• During a skin prick test, your doctor will use a lancet to prick or scratch your skin.
• Research suggests this is one of the most common hereditary disorders in the world, affecting 560 million people, or eight percent of the global population.

Your doctor will give you very small amounts of the food you may be allergic to and watch for symptoms. If you don’t have any, they’ll slowly give you larger doses. Your doctor also might ask you to do something called an oral food challenge. This should only be done in a medical office by an allergist. When the test is over, the doctor or nurse will clean your skin and put some cream on it to help with any itching.

Facial Swelling

They can range from mild to severe, according to Richmond, and may include runny nose, coughing, wheezing, itching or hives. More severe symptoms include swelling of the face, mouth, or tongue; nausea and vomiting; diarrhea; or lightheadedness. Another type of allergen, lipid transfer protein (LTP), is found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and cereals, and can also be present in some alcoholic drinks. Alcoholic drinks high in sulphites and/or histamine include wine (red, white, rosé and sparkling), cider and beer. Some varieties of gin and vodka, as well as ‘natural wines’ are low in sulphites.

Complete a blood test if your allergist recommends it.

Some individuals might react more severely to certain types of alcohol, such as red wine, which contains higher levels of histamines and sulfites compared to other alcoholic beverages. Epinephrine shots are the most important treatment for a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). You may need to carry two with you at all times if you’ve had any severe allergic reaction, but especially if you’re allergic to foods or bug stings. Different brands work differently, so your doctor will train you on how to use your auto-injector. Make sure you replace your emergency epinephrine before the expiration date.

Allergy Treatment

If people experience symptoms after drinking alcohol, they should speak with a doctor for further advice. If someone has a true allergy to alcohol, they should avoid the substance entirely. People with alcohol intolerance could still consume alcohol, although they will likely experience side effects.

If the allergen enters your body through a food you ate or a medicine you took, you may vomit or have diarrhea, and you may also be at a higher risk of anaphylaxis. Certain foods, such as peanuts, tree nuts, and shellfish, are more likely to cause anaphylaxis. Your symptoms will depend on how much of the antigen you came in contact with and where it entered your body. For instance, if you breathe it in, you may have an itchy, runny, or stuffy nose and you may wheeze and cough. If it comes in through your eyes, you may have itchy, red, and watery eyes. When you come across that allergen again, your immune system takes action.

• Symptoms of anaphylaxis include skin reactions, rapid pulse, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, trouble breathing, lightheadedness and loss of consciousness.
• To make a diagnosis of allergy, a healthcare provider will first take a medical history and do a physical exam.
• This history will include questions about your alcohol consumption habits, the types of alcoholic beverages you consume, and any family history of allergies or intolerances.
• For a minor reaction, over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines might help reduce symptoms, such as itching or hives.

Alcohol intolerance is caused by a genetic condition in which the body can’t break down alcohol efficiently. The only way to prevent these uncomfortable reactions is to avoid alcohol. Some medications can stop your ALDH enzymes from working as well as they normally do.

What causes alcohol intolerance?

A food allergy is when your body’s immune system reacts to a certain food. Your body thinks that food (the allergen) is a threat and tries to attack it. If they are not sure what is causing your symptoms, they might want you to see an allergist, a healthcare rum allergy symptoms provider that specializes in allergies and asthma. If you have symptoms after drinking beer and you’re not sure why, your provider can help you figure out what the problem is. There are several ways to diagnose an alcohol allergy or intolerance.

When to See a Healthcare Provider

If you have any type of food allergy, it is important to be careful about the alcoholic beverages you drink. It helps to read the product label, although many ingredients used in the fermentation or distillation process may not be included. Many foods, including red wine and aged cheese, are high in histamine. This is the same chemical involved in allergic reactions in the body. In some cases, over-the-counter or prescribed medications might help alleviate symptoms. People often call alcohol intolerance an alcohol allergy, and vice versa.

How to Tell If You Have Allergies to Liquor

While it’s easy to get confused between the two, they’re actually very different conditions. Additionally, Parikh says alcohol with a high sugar content can make allergy symptoms worse, since sugar is inflammatory. High sugar content isn’t just limited to mixed drinks; wine can also contain more sugar than you may expect. Some mass-produced red wines can contain as much as 12 grams of residual sugar — the sugar that doesn’t ferment into alcohol — per liter. If you’re a seasonal allergy sufferer, you know all about histamine, a chemical compound that can trigger inflammation and allergic reactions. Do you suffer from terrible hangovers or feel unwell after drinking just a small amount of alcohol?